谈谈密不可分的建筑园林景观关系
1. physics transparency (Literal Transparency)Those who point to the physical condition of actual existence is transparent, have the picture after the ability with penetrable light can see an interface thereby;
2. phenomenon transparency (Phenomenal Transparency)Conveyed"Design a space - time " , "Simultaneity " " permeate " " superposition " " contradictory " the design space structure of the homonymous sex that waits for the position and higher administrative levels.
When 19 centuries, impressionistic painter Paul? A place of strategic importance still (Zanne of Paul C é , 1839, 1906)
With the new way that conveys bulk, the focal fluoroscopy that viewpoint secures in breaking classic brushwork is traditional. His a kind of inclination is shown in be being drawn -- form of traditional composition of a picture was broken, the picture is not edge canvas depth spreads out however tile, all design elements lie it seems that in the design space of a few parallel, the painter shuns the appears possibly three-dimensional suggestion in the picture in sedulous ground even. Be being compressed because of deep design space for shallow design space, brought new visual property thereby.
Portuguese participator, bulake, 1911
Colin? Collect be in " transparency " the masterpiece that Bulake evaluates so in one book " Portuguese participator " : "The administrative levels that interweaves highly and upend reseau, those who including interval is linear and irruptive among them planar, built the design space that basically belongs to shallow depth of field, observer must be passed experience slowly, ability checks the depth that knows to design a space stage by stage, make thematic design wins particular form then, show slowly. Show slowly..
For more break focal fluoroscopy tradition thoroughly, the more sufficient compression that conveys depth of field, cubism painters devote oneself to to convey the stagger below many viewpoint spatio-temporal relation -- much design space while appear, more the deepness that compressed a picture, formed more shallow fictitious design space. The compression that designs a space overthrew the west with long history the clairvoyant law in classic brushwork, in the meantime, of much viewpoint compound make affirmatory body itself and combination are blurred and Duoyide is conveyed afresh.
"Leave brushwork when landscape architect, when turn and pondering over a building to design the transparency in learning, the problem appeared: In brushwork, three-dimensional design space can pass secondhand expression to allude only, and in building a design, it was become however cannot evasive fact. ... because of such, phenomenal transparency comes true harder however. Phenomenal transparency comes true harder however..
Colin? Luo Hesi pulls Ci radical to try to find cubism to draw approximate planar designs a space to convey the correspondence that designs a domain in the building, then they discovered those who build a design to establishing face perspective. "Adding rest in villa, strap? The attention of the topnotch with the attention clairvoyant to parallel translate into that Kebuxiye heats up Lai pair of plane in the picture (optimal perspective at most viewpoint of appreciably deviate parallel) ; Carry this kind of kind just about, the three-dimensional design space that Kebuxiye will build a design successfully to go back on his word to build a program design existence with gardens landscape with its divides rift to come. " interesting is, although villa is located in on the Plan of a ten apart open, but the person that the direction of method decided to watch always is facing those who build a design to establishing a range, the most conduct propaganda that designs in the building also is an angle that establishing a range approximately in material.
Add rest villatic, strap? Kebuxiye, 1927
Silaciji emphasizes building the openly sex of the design, when because should be similar to the angle that establishing a range to look only,going, ability appears"Obviously for nothing not clear " -- the suggestion of space of a shallow design, with " openly sex " likewise important is " dormant sex " , because have participator only people make in proper place when still be being viewed and admire, ability forms steady design space administrative levels, ability unscrambles the layer shape in giving metaphor to design dimensional array. Accordingly, what transparency place suggestion goes out is a dormant picture, it is the final result that visual perception knows, is not a process. Openly sex and dormant sex became the premise that shallow design space appears in building a design
Deep design space and sketch map of shallow design space
Deep" design space is to point to: Have an advantageous clairvoyant jumping-off place, design space is connected fully, if want to increase additionally one kind of order, can let transverse appear the force of a kind of drawing. If see deep design space directly, exist without ambiguous sex, everything is clear with what decide.
"Shallow " design space is to point to: Like those cubism the picture is made same, do not offer a best fluoroscopy to nod, without penetrable line of sight, ground of amlposition of the person that let watch is entered. Shallow design space is similar at a plane, but not only such, it offerred the person that watch the suggestion. In fact very far-reaching design space, because it is opposite at watching person the position of sex establishing a range, also can make vacuum of a shallow design.
From the definition itself of deep design space and shallow design space, landscape architect can see, the vision that what they convey is a kind of person that watch and design space concerns interactively, is not actual physical design space. Deep design space is close to factual truth more, and shallow design space is a kind of metaphor. Because three-dimensional design space is in building design,exist really, in the phenomenal transparency that builds a design, the metaphor of shallow design space is final will by the actual appraisal true bogus of deep design space. If both produced difference, so the interest sex that designs a space arose, also transparent place builds the phenomenon this"Order " and " muddleheaded " binary and contrary interest sex.
Shallow design space and deep design space are composed respectivelyShallow Space and Deep Space, and these two phrase have a group in visual expression domain more the interpret law with hep participator, namely " Xiaojing is deep " and " big depth of field " , state 2 dimension make the same score the suggestion of the different level that faces deepness. If landscape architect compares physics, vision,be conveyed and the phenomenon is transparent 3 fields are right the definition of space of deep, shallow design and understanding, with respect to meeting discovery, this is like is the game that a kind of dimension spends.
Yu Erwei of a kind of interpose and three-dimensional the faintness between designs a space, the vehicle that design of program of landscape of this one building made shallow design space change, draw planar with three-dimensional structure the design designs a space to be contacted. The painterly expression of cubism gave a shallow design space that surmounts canvas plane, and when watch a building to design when landscape architect from an angle close to the front, also obtained a shallow design space close to canvas, and what transparency place discusses is the likelihood that the suggestion that such shallow design space gives the person that watch and diversity unscramble. Accordingly, shallow design space can say is a premise that undertakes transparency is analysed, also be the mainest component in this one theory.
The design of landscape of gardens of building of building design landscape of afforest of Chinese classic gardens floats in the category with design space humanitarian history spreads out.
What Chinese participator and western participator watch the way of the world is different the expressive kind that caused Chinese brushwork and western brushwork to differ completely-- classic brushwork takes the west seriously paint from life and depict, and Chinese brushwork does not try to behave real world.
Norman? Buliexun(Norman Bryson, 1949- ) these two kinds of different visions logistic summary is " look attentively at " (Gaze)And"Fling " (Glance), "The painterly resort of fling sex observes main body is in zoology but the vision in duration sex; Its both neither tries to eliminate watched process, also do not mask the scent of the body in labor on the skill of itself. Also do not mask the scent of the body in labor on the skill of itself..
So, if this kind of plane and deepness return in space of design of classic gardens afforest, where is the property that whether also had shallow design space?
Accordingly, also had below guess.
The shallow design space in gardens afforest
Case1: Court of cloud chamber of ladder of network division garden
The ladder cloud chamber inside network division garden is advocate the place that participator reads, around has a courtyard. From the platform before the building is designed Xiang Nawang goes, all can see the view of whole courtyard.
Space of shallow design of court of cloud chamber of ladder of network division garden is alluded
Shallow design space alludes:
1. -- the platform before building design and armrest, demarcate gives the range that builds a design;
2. -- two groups of or so rockery before platform, on the right side of the wall of rockery and courtyard is clingy together, can see the tree at the back of wall wall, another courtyard can be after judgement wall;
3. -- the two side of the courtyard design demarcate by a building each, left building design is, on the right side of it is two, inaccuracy enters the mouth to lead to two buildings to design directly surely;
4. -- of the courtyard mid also have two groups of rockery, around position cannot decide, left lesser, the Chang Fu of the blame that fold stone on the right side of is miscellaneous, from dimensions and configuration judgement, interior has pedal way likely;
5. -- on the right side of after rockery still can faint see tree;
6. -- the farthermost place of scene face is veranda, veranda backside is building design, because this guesses,ought to be had to enter the entrance of court by the part of rockery keep out.
Deep design space is actual:
After the picture that has seen whole courtyard personally in the person that watch, meet above all open-eyed the length breadth ratio at this courtyard, it is far should grow what compare an imagination, because,this is of space of layer upon layer design permeate the cause that reduced depth of field.
There is pedal way really in the rockery on the right side of, and 2 when connect rightward to build a design all the time, this also is study entitle"Ladder cloud chamber " reason. There is a kiosk after rockery, was held off completely in scene face, and this kiosk is landscape architect what guess south the entrance that builds a design to enter court.
Along the courtyard wall of both sides, all sorts of rockery and arboreous crisscross are arranged, they above all keep out the courtyard is in the clairvoyant line that takes deep way, make the true deepness of the courtyard is risen by conceal thereby, the gardens afforest landscape that forms through place again at the same time builds administrative levels, make the perceptive deepness of the courtyard is strengthened.
Case2: Near place of crane taking garden hole door
Near the crane place that takes garden and stone forest hut assemble numerous small courtyard, inside buy hill stone, tree and seat of have a rest. So north of design of program of gardens landscape construction has the crane one hole door , can see landscape of afforest of the gardens in the courtyard is built from which.
Shallow design space alludes:
1. -- the existence that the ha-ha after hole door alluded corridor;
2. -- a pine is after ha-ha, at the same time a side still has a bit short bush;
3. -- there is rockery buy rock after pine;
4. -- after rockery can faint see a pair of post appear, the suggestion is worn in front the end of the courtyard;
5. -- there is type of build or figure after cool corridor more tall thin rockery buy stone, belong to another courtyard;
6. -- scene face most on the right side of can see a windowing window, the cool corridor among the design space after guessing windowing window and courtyard is together repeatedly.
Deep design space is actual:
Enter from this hole door right one abduct, it is the entrance of the courtyard that sees, after entering scrutiny, meet be astonished by the length breadth ratio of this courtyard, place of the person that watch sees this appears very shallow design space has those who be close to 15 meters to enter in fact deep.
The pine of the first courtyard that sees and rockery are the one horn of this courtyard only, in fact, the courtyard is transverse spread out bigger picture, there still is north and south of alley be well versed in in the courtyard, the corridor after the door hole that sees around courtyard a week. The cool corridor name after the courtyard is " static in view " , show " L " model joined a small room that bow with hands clasped to a peak and house of 5 peaks celestial being. "Static in view " in the small courtyard later have rockery buy rock additionally, the on the right side of windowing window that sees bows with hands clasped to the side window that the peak highs just about, from which as it happens can enjoy rock of this group of buy.
This group of small courtyards mix house of 5 peaks celestial being the gardens afforest landscape of a small room that bow with hands clasped to a peak builds organic combination to be an organic whole, also build the landscape of afforest of gardens of stone forest hut south at the same time contacted, formed a series of daedal design space experiences.
Case3: ? Does Lin Ang honest taste fleeing ピ ?
Court of coronal cloud peak is located in the eastpart part taking garden, it is with gardens landscape the building plans to design " Guan Yunfeng " the whole gardens afforest landscape that is core erects court, have rock, have water, have the wood, building design is much to admire gardens afforest landscape to build buy. The house of large of Cong Linquan Cao looks north, can see a very wide scene range.
Shallow design space alludes:
1. is in recently one by one is billabong of one place water, have in the center of water billabong by fold stone around platform;
2. one by one water billabong is left have close Shui Tingxie, there also is design of a building on the right side of, speculation does not face water;
3. a one extremely tall skinny too lake stone is located in in the center of platform, numerous bush union folds stone to be decorated around megalith, hold the visual center; of scene face
4.One by one of megalith on the right side of have a pavilion or house on a terrace of booth of a 6 horn, as a result of the keep out of layer upon layer tree, cannot judge its exact position;
5. has a second floor cabinet after megalith one by one, cannot judge water billabong outspread arrive between megalith and pavilion.
Deep design space is actual:
Water billabong is alkyl cloud billabong, a side that stands by viewpoint is geometrical form a low stone wall built along the water's edge to protect an embankment, a side that is far from viewpoint is a low stone wall built along the water's edge to protect an embankment of the natural configuration that folds Shi Ercheng, As a result of"Surface one by one platform one by one megalith cabinet of one first floor " the visual axes that big powers of this one foreword changed Guan Yunfeng court, make participator feels this is the court with longer direction of a depth, and from alkyl cloud billabong right sidle arrives second floor cabinet (Guan Yunlou) before meeting discovery, the thing in Guan Yunfeng two side, each have handkerchief cloud peak (scene side is left the megalith in the appear in covert) with lucky Yun Feng (besides eye shot) , this is the courtyard that way of an administrative levels develops actually. The line of sight of the person that the hut waiting for the cloud of two side and Guan Yuntai held off alkyl cloud billabong to watch, make the reality of deep design space brings a surprise.
Case4: ? Is pa collapse held?
Lotus root garden plans field on the west the area is not large, whole garden plans to design with gardens landscape building " knit shade old house " study is a center, space is east, south, the compound that north connects 3 times. Knit shade old house to build a program with gardens landscape rockery of exquisite yellow stone is south the design, cave toes step on everything needed is ready, rockery builds the house that there are a 3 the standard width of a room in an old-style houses south program design with gardens landscape. The long window that through this building intermediate the standard width of a room in an old-style house opens looks north, can see a very wonderful shallow design space.
Shallow design space is alluded:
By reach nearly far, ordinal those who enter eye is:
1.One by one clastic rock lays the ground,
2.Fizzle out one by one stone rockery, by short arrive tall, likely more than a group, the likelihood has alley; between short rockery and tall rockery
3.Cross the cloud wall of rockery one by one, see the attrib border; that is less than cloud wall
4. one by one the abnormity door hole on cloud wall, the likelihood in alluding rockery has pedal path;
5. one by one the rockery at the back of door hole and arbor, the positional relation of arbor and rockery cannot decide, it is likely after rockery, be located in likely also between rockery and cloud wall;
6. one by one slope housetop, can see housetop only, the design function that cannot design to the building and property make speculation.
Deep design space is actual:
Go to come in court from long window, the cent of stone of yellow stone rockery before can seeing cloud wall is around of two administrative levels, of vicinity some lower, the clingy cloud wall of far. Cross the hole door on cloud wall to be able to discover, that a side of cloud wall remains yellow stone rockery, and type of build or figure is greater more complex, the height that can go up to support to cloud wall along pedal path, look down at knit shade old house. In rockery and the court that there often is an expanse between house, was risen completely in shallow design space by keep out.
Epilogue
Plan to be designed with gardens landscape building all the time, the design research concentration of space of design of afforest of classic to China gardens moves at be opposite on viewpoint and the attention with logistic fling, it seems that oversight dormant openly sex and parallel fluoroscopy are in the importance in garden gimmick. The shallow design space in theory of article general transparency builds landscape program design to introduce in the analysis of space of design of afforest of Chinese classic gardens, and with already union of some gardens afforest theory rise, nowhere is not in the design space that property of shallow design space has in discovering gardens afforest finally, in fact, going after the stratification of parallel fluoroscopy to design a space is one of important structures of space of design of afforest of Chinese classic gardens.
Acknowledgment Fansee Accredit is shared
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