中国福州金牛山森林步道福道|建筑|景观
福州城市森林步道起点到终点全长 6.3 公里，环线总长约 19 公里，东接左海公园环湖栈道，西连闽江廊线 (国光段)，是福建省内最长的一条依山傍水、与生态景观融为一体的城市休闲健身走廊，开创了中国钢架悬空栈道的先河。福道作为一个城市连接网络，为市民前往闽江北港提供了可达性，也体现着通过引入自然景观提高市民生活质量的超前意识。A first-of-its kind elevated steel pedestrian walkway system weaving through forested areas in China, Fuzhou Forest Walkway spans over 6.3 kilometres from end to end, threading through the full breadth of Jinniushan and covers about 19 kilometres along its winding path. A signature urban connector network that provides public accessibility to indigenous hinterland stretching north- east of Minjiang, Fudao signifies an awakened consciousness to improve lives of city dwellers by bringing nature within closer reach.
▼项目视频Project Video
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=z3120v4uiaz
福州是福建省省会，也是中国绿色景观最丰富的城市之一。福州因街道上整齐排列的榕树而闻名，被称为榕城或白杨城。福州市四周被群山峻岭所环抱，风景如画，拥有纯天然无污染的自然景观。然而，伴随着日益加快的城市化进程与社会经济的快速发展，森林的覆盖率逐渐下降。金牛山是福州市内最大的 “绿肺”之一。
One of the greenest cities in China, Fuzhou is capital of Fujian province, sometimes referred to as Rongcheng or ‘banyan city’, famed for the numerous banyan trees that line its streets. Together with mountainous geography and picturesque man-made lakes, the charm of Fuzhou’s natural beauty is undisputed. Nonetheless, accelerated urban growth has diminished the coverage of forested zones – Jinniushan is one of the larger green lungs situated within downtown.
因为被军事重地以及墓地所环绕，金牛山大部分区域未经开发，也不向市民开放。环境改造工程作为福道项目的一部分，包括为迁移现有的目的，同时建造一个现代的骨灰安置所(安乐居)，在被荒废的采矿场建造一个新的游客中心(坛口游客中心)和把一个巴士停车场改造成主入口(西客站)。
Hemmed in by military camps and a few burial sites, many parts of Jinniushan have been inaccessible to the general public and left largely untouched. As part of the implementation of Fudao, environmental enhancement works include construction of a modern columbarium complex for rehousing the exhumed graves, rehabilitation of an abandoned quarry site for a new visitor’s centre and conversion of an existing bus depot into a main entry point, Xikezhan.
福道一共有十个入口通往森林步道，每个入口都是对现有城市肌理强有力的介入。在西客站，现有的巴士停车场被改造成餐饮中心，它的景观屋顶和旁边的“悬崖步道”紧密相连。“悬崖步道”约 20 层楼高，悬挑的踏步嵌入现有的悬崖表面，游客漫步在上面十分震撼。
There are a total of 10 entrances leading into the walkway network, each celebrated as a bold intervention into the existing urban grain. At Xikezhan, the existing bus depot will be transformed into a food and beverage enclave, its accessible landscaped roof deck linking the adjoining “Cliff walk”, breath- taking cantilevered step platforms wedged into an existing cliff face about 20 storeys tall.
另外一个主入口位于金牛山体育馆的公共广场，这里建有一个直径24 米的螺旋形坡道，预示着空间从城市平地到山地丘陵的转换。在北端，梅峰山地公园的设计还包含一个30000 平方米的商业中心规划。
For another entrance situated at the open plaza of existing Jinniushan indoor sports hall, a stately spiral ramp measuring 24 metres across its diameter is introduced, announcing the transition from flat urban plain to hilly forested terrain. At the northern tip, connectivity to Meifengshan Park has expanded the design brief to include master planning for the future commercial hub encapsulating approximately 30,000 square meters of gross floor area.
步道上有很多便利设施贯穿全程，例如休息亭，观景平台，瞭望塔和配有卫生间的茶室，这些设施都位于坡度不超过 1:16 的缓坡上。作为一个配有WIFI连接，触屏信息板和游客交通监察器的智能步道，福道有潜力在全国范围内成为生态步道的标杆。
Conveniences such as rest shelters, viewing decks, observation towers and teahouses with washroom amenities are interspersed throughout the elevated walkways, laid at a gentle gradient not exceeding 1:16 for barrier- free accessibility. An intelligent walkway network equipped with WIFI connectivity, touch-screen information boards and visitor traffic monitors, Fudao has the potential to set a new national benchmark for eco-routes.
福道由 8 种不同的基础模块组成，通过多变的排列方式形成一个具有适应不同地形能力的模块系统。史无前例的灵活设计实现了长达 14.4 米的柱距，最大限度减少对植被的破坏，为了更好地适应多变的地形与复杂的山势，更体现了对自然最崇高的敬意。福道主体采用空心钢管桁架组成, 桥面采用格栅板, 缝隙控制在 1.5 厘米以内。这样的尺寸设计，不仅满足了轮椅的通行,也可以让步道下方的植物沐浴阳光、自然生长。
Comprising 8 basic deck components that can be stitched together in various permutations, the walkway network is an all-terrain modular system with the capability of negotiating undulating topography. Efficient design allows for a long span of 14.4 metres between supporting columns, minimizing the construction footprint. This is an important consideration for Fuzhou municipal officials, whom has accorded top priority to the conservation of existing ecology. Use of steel grating for the walkway decks serves to bring natural light down to the ground plane, encouraging low-lying plants to thrive.
为了实现无缝连接，我们在设计了一条横跨高速公路(洪甘路)的过顶天桥，这是一个横跨72米中间没有柱子支撑的地标性设计。倾斜的挡板扶手增加了桥结构的通透性，以达到更好抵御风荷载的目的。步道每段都有自己的特点，配合独特的场地肌理，打造出一个具有持续表达力的设计。
To ensure seamless connectivity, an overhead bridge straddling across an existing vehicular arterial Honggan Road has been designed, a stunning icon with a column-free span of over 72 metres. The raked profile of parapet screens serves to increase the bridge structure’s porosity, to better withstand high wind loads in the vicinity. Engaging the unique character of the existing site context, various segments of the walkway network add up to an enduring expressiveness.
项目的巨大尺度开阔了设计师的视野，我们公司的团队也因克服了项目中的重重困难感到愉悦。秉持着用设计带来更美好生活的理念，团队渴望把这种积极态度向外界传播，为福州未来的发展带来积极的影响。
The immense scale of the project has been an eye-opener and the team at LOOK Architects has found the design challenges involved most gratifying to surmount. Embracing the philosophy of bettering lives through design, the team has aspired to spread this optimism beyond our shores, and to create a positive impact on future development of the city of Fuzhou.
▼项目区位图 Location
▼项目总平面图 Master Plan
▼项目典型步道模块系统 Elevated Walkway Axonometic
▼项目旋转坡道 Isometric
项目名称：中国福州金牛山森林步道（福道）
设计单位 ：LOOK Architects (锐科建筑设计公司)
网站：http://www.lookarchitects.com/
项目地点：中国福建省福州市鼓楼区
竣工时间 ：2017 年
业主 ：福州市鼓楼区建设投资管理中心
合作单位 ：福州市规划设计研究院 Arup Singapore Pte Ltd (新加坡奥雅纳有限公司)
荣获奖项：
芝加哥文艺协会建筑与设计博物馆和欧洲建筑艺术与城市研究中心– 2017年国际建筑大奖
2018 年亚洲最具影响力设计奖 - 大奖
2018 年新加坡总统设计奖 - 年度设计奖
2019 年度福建省优秀工程勘察设计奖（园林景观设计）- 一等奖
2019 年度福建省优秀工程勘察设计奖（市政公用工程设计）- 一等奖
摄影 ：©LOOK Architects (锐科建筑设计公司)
Project: China Fuzhou Jin Niu Shan Trans-Urban Connector
Project Location : Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
Website: http://www.lookarchitects.com/
Completion Year : 2017
Client : People’s Government of Golou District, Fuzhou, China
Architect : LOOK Architects
Collaborators : Fuzhou Planning Design and Research Institute Arup Singapore Pte Ltd
PROJECT ACHIEVEMENT:
The Chicago Athenaeum Museum of Architecture and Design and The European Centre Architecture Art Design And Urban Studies - The International Architecture Award 2017
DFA Award 2018 (Design for Asia Award) – Grand Award
President’s Design Award Singapore 2018 – Design of the Year
Annual Fujian Province Excellent Project Award (Landscape) 2019 - First Prize
Annual Fujian Province Excellent Project Award (Engineering) 2019 - First Prize
Photography : ©LOOK Architects
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