15个单元住宅群|建筑|景观
前言当谈起住房问题，当今世界上大多数城市地区（通常是持续增长和住房需求增加的地区）面临的主要问题之一，是需要选择一个公寓而不是单栋的房子，并不是因为人们喜欢公寓，而是出于资金等各种姻缘，他们的主要关切可以归纳如下：
1.通常，在人们的脑海中，公寓建筑通常意味着“盒中生活”，没有生活质量、归属感和认同感，缺乏自然光线和视野
2.邻近邻居导致缺乏视觉和听觉上的隐私
3.各种形式的物理空间不足，无法过舒适的生活。
Preface
When it comes to housing, one of the main problems people are facing in most urban areas today - often places of constant growth and raising housing demands - is a need to choose an apartment typology over single-family houses not because of their desire, but out of necessity. Their main concerns can be summed up as following:
1. Typically, in people’s minds residential buildings often imply ‘a life in a box’, without living quality, feeling of belonging and identity; a lack of natural light and a view;
2. Proximity to the neighbors resulting in the lack of privacy, both visual and acoustic
3. The insufficient physical space in various forms for a life of comfort.
Metaform architecture office仔细分析了这些问题，分析研究后带来一种集体公寓类型的新措施。场地位于一条特别弯曲的街道上，地势非常陡峭，高度相差10米，并保留了被列为国家纪念碑的三百年老树——所有基础条件都限制了建筑的初始形状。此外，项目位于比较特殊的城市环境，一边是小型住宅单元，另一边是大型公寓楼。于是设计师通过将主体分割成六个较小的垂直移动的街区，创造了一种微妙的过渡。通过这种方式，建筑适应了其周围环境，保持了所需的密度的同时培养了归属感、认同感和人性化的尺度。
The approach of Metaform architecture office was to carefully analyze these issues and respond by using them as a base point of transformation into resources, and furthermore into qualities, thus bringing a new vision of a collective housing typology. The plot is situated along a particularly curved street, a very steep topography with 10 meters of difference in height and a preservation of three-century-old trees, classified as national monuments – all of these conditioned the initial shape of the building. Furthermore, the building responds to the specific urban context (small-scaled housing units on one side and large-scale apartment block on the other): it creates a subtle transition by splitting the main volume into six smaller, vertically shifted blocks. In this way, the building is adjusting to its surroundings; it preserves the required density, while nurturing the feeling of belonging, identity, human scale.
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
为了满足人们对自然光的需求，在充分考虑到居民隐私的同时，对景观和城市的全景视野进行了细致的研究，创造了许多与天空的视觉接触的空间。
Volume splitting and shifting have been carefully studied to respond to a need for natural light, opening the panoramic views towards the landscape and the city and creating the visual contact with the sky, while at the same time allowing for the residents’ privacy.
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
解决隐私问题的方法是加强垂直交流，同时消除长的水平走廊，这些通常是黑暗和声学上不利的走廊。三个垂直交通空间将地下停车场直接连接到公寓，这个解决方案允许横向公寓配置有三个方向。另一方面，建筑师们除了提供隐私外，还想让居民们有机会在一个共同的共享室内空间见面并相互了解。公共厨房、休闲室、游戏室等设施的设计和目的都是在个人自愿的基础上，通过改善社会互动和社区生活意识，在保护他人隐私和安宁的同时，带来社会价值。
Another response to the privacy issues consists of enhancing the vertical communication, while eliminating long horizontal, often dark and acoustically unfavourable corridors. Three vertical cores connect underground parking directly to the apartments. This solution allowed for the transversal apartment configurations with three-side orientation.On the other side, the architects had idea to, apart from offering a privacy when needed, give residents a possibility to meet and get to know each other in a common shared indoor space. The facilities such as common kitchen, leisure room, games – are all designed and intended to bring value by improving social interaction and a sense of community living, on individual voluntary bases, while preserving the privacy and peace of others.
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
除了创造可容纳普通和私人聚会的会议公共空间外，地下楼层还为每个公寓提供了宽敞的储物空间。
Apart from creating the meeting common space that can accommodate common as well as private gatherings, the underground floors offer of a spacious storage for every apartment.
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
总的愿望是“结合”当前的住房需求和具体的场地条件，设计一个集体住房建筑，让人们有归属感、认同感和社区感。
The overall aspiration was to ‘marry’ current housing needs and issues with specific conditions of the site; to design a collective housing building that offers people a sense of belonging, identity and community.
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
©Steve Troes Fotodesign
▼项目总平面图
▼项目入口层平面图
▼项目一层平面图
▼项目二层平面图
▼项目剖面图
▼项目西立面图
设计单位：Metaform architects
项目地点：卢森堡，梅尔丹格
项目客户：ASARS建筑
摄影：Steve Troes Fotodesign
总建筑面积：2250㎡
总容积：8000 m 3
竣工年份：2016年
Location: Dommeldange, Luxembourg
Client: ASARS Construction
Architects: Metaform architects
Photographer:Steve Troes Fotodesign
Gross floor area: 2250 m²
Gross volume: 8000 m³
Year of completion:2016
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