在巴黎市发起的 "重塑巴黎 1 "创新城市项目征集活动中，我们的EDISON LITE项目从22个建筑项目中脱颖而出，提出了一种新的住房模式，该模式基于我们确立的三个主要原则：
- 创造 "量体裁衣 "的住房单元，让未来的居民能够参与到住宅的设计中来。
- 提供20％的额外面积，定义并与居民共享：这提供了访问空间和设施，否则将无法提供给个别居民。
- 欢迎居民进入现有的景观：主要是在工程中种植，建筑项目包括75立方米的土壤，分为290个花盆和屋顶上150平方米的大块土地。
Among the 22 architectural projects selected from the call for innovative urban projects launched by the City of Paris, ‘REINVENTER PARIS 1’, our EDISON LITE project proposed a new housing model, based on three main principles that we established:
- The creation of ‘made-to-measure’ housing units, whereby the future residents were able to participate in establishing the brief as well as the design of their home;
- The provision of 20% extra surface area, defined and shared with the residents: this provides access to space and facilities that would not otherwise be available to individual residents;
- To welcome residents into an existing landscape: largely planted during works, the architectural project includes 75 m3 of soil, divided between 290 planters and a large, 150 m2 allotment on the roof.
在居民到来之前，这些植物已经有时间建立自己的位置并生长。因此，居民们将迎来一个成熟的自然环境，他们将对这个环境负责。因此，该项目提出了一种 "养生 "的生活方式：居民将自己生产一些食物，学习观察食物生长的乐趣，这是鼓励他们参与集体努力的一种方式，我们必须减少供应链，并尽可能地在家中附近实现可食用的养生景观。
These plants have had time to establish themselves and grow before the arrival of residents. Residents are thereby greeted by an established natural environment, for which they will have responsibility. The project thus proposes a sort of ‘permacultural’ way of life: residents will produce some of their own food, learning the pleasure of watching food grow, a means of encouraging them to participate in the collective effort that we must all undertake to reduce supply chains and move towards a landscape of edible permaculture as near as possible to home.
在材料方面，该项目为自己设定了 "在合适的地方使用合适的材料 "的原则。其结果是混凝土、木材和金属的优化组合。值得注意的是，该公寓的固定价格为7990欧元，包括增值税每平方米，比市场价格低30%左右。所有的销售和营销都是在网上进行的，这要归功于网上平台HABX：13个公开市场单位共收到近2000份申请。买家是根据各种标准挑选出来的，目的是为了确保社区居民的多样性和兼容性。
With regards materials, the project set itself the principle of ‘the right material in the right place’. The result is an optimised combination of concrete, timber and metal. It should be noted that the apartments are sold at a fixed price of 7,990 € incl. VAT per square metre, around 30% lower than the market rate. All sales and marketing was conducted online thanks to online platform HABX: nearly 2,000 applications were received for the 13 open-market units. The buyers were selected according to a variety of criteria aimed at ensuring a community of residents both diverse and compatible.
位于巴黎第13区的一块平整的土地该地块紧邻巴黎东南部第13区的意大利广场，是一个415平方米的小余地，紧邻莫里斯-拉威尔音乐学校遗址。这块小小的地块完全被包围在极富变化的城市结构之中，无论是从建筑处理还是从主导它的建筑群的高度来看，都是如此。因此，在这些建筑的支配下，我们设计了一个旨在超越这些限制的项目。
A CRAMPED SITE IN PARIS’ 13TH DISTRICT
The site is right next to the Place d’Italie in the 13th arrondissement of south-east Paris, a tiny residual space of 415m2 abutting the site of the Maurice Ravel school of music. This tiny plot is entirely enclosed in the midst of extremely varied urban fabric, both in terms of architectural treatment as well as of the imposing height of the built masses that dominate it. Thus dominated by these constructions and enclosed by the site’s restrictive perimeter, we designed a project that aims to outmanoeuvre these constraints.
我们很快意识到，该地块代表了未来城市的挑战，在这里，密集化必须非常谨慎地进行，并在不同的建筑之间建立良好的礼仪。在这块只有几百平方米的土地上，新项目的建设必须增加价值，并对其进行美化，而不是一味地否定，而是带来一种更新和回报。
We quickly became aware that this site is representative of the challenges of tomorrow’s cities, where densification has to be approached very carefully, developing good manners with regards the diff erent buildings in close proximity. Rather than dismissal, the occasional densification of certain sites must rather bring a kind of renewal and reattribution; here, in this existing site of only a few hundred squaremetres, the construction of a new project must add value and literally embellish it.
20%以上的空间由居民共享
第二大创新是建造了20%以上的公共空间，由居民编程和共享。这些公共空间被设计成一条路线，伴随着居民，为他们提供从地下一层一直到屋顶的聚会场所。这为他们提供了他们无法单独创造的区域和功能。
MORE THAN 20% OF SPACE SHARED BY RESIDENTS
The second major innovation is the construction of more than 20% of communal space programmed and shared by the residents. These communal spaces were designed as a route, accompanying the residents and providing them with meeting places from the basement level right up to the roof. This provides them with areas and functions that they would not individually have been able to create.
▽空间分析图 Shared spaces
▽空间分析 Diagram
亲近自然
公共空间的大量种植延续到私人空间，构成了项目的另一个主要任务。在一个狭窄的地块上，四周都是建筑，有些建筑还很宏伟，我们设计的外立面主要是玻璃，但也主要是种植，以创造一种掩盖直接视线的屏障。因此，290个大型花盆点缀着外立面的窗户，平均每个单元有14个花盆，再加上共享的分配，相当于每套公寓有10平方米的土壤! 花槽中种植了310株西番莲，这些植物 "属于 "集体，还有居民私人花槽中的4,320株球茎和1,418株连翘（Luzula）。
CLOSE TO NATURE
Abundant planting in the communal spaces continues into the private spaces, constituting another major undertaking of the project. Situated on a narrow plot surrounded by buildings, some imposing, we designed facades that were both largely glazed but also largely planted, in order to create a kind of filter to mask direct views. Thus 290 large planters punctuate the windows of the facade, with an average of 14 planters per unit, which, along with the shared allotment, equates to 10 m2 of soil per apartment! The planters have been planted with 310 passionflower plants, which ‘belong’ to the collective, along with 4,320 bulbs and 1,418 rushes (Luzula) in the residents’ private planters.
▽生态植物分析 Diagram
屋顶的分配
该项目回复了巴黎市在2001年制定的目标：成为都市农业的新景观，出现新的城乡交流。该市的目标是达到100公顷的种植墙和屋顶，其中33公顷为都市农业；这一目标在2016年公布的 "100公顷 "宪章中做了详细说明。以我们项目的小规模来看，其占地面积只有387平方米，其中不少于148平方米的面积被土壤覆盖，即接近40%。150平方米的配地就这样被分割开来，每个居民都有自己的地块，他们可以在其中规划和种植菜地。
THE ALLOTMENT ROOF
The project replies to the objectives set by the City of Paris in 2001: to become a new landscape of urban agriculture, with the emergence of new urban–rural exchange. The City’s aim is to reach 100 hectares of planted walls and roofs, of which 33 hectares of urban agriculture; this aim is detailed in the ‘100 hectares’ charter published in 2016. On the small scale of our project, whose footprint is only 387m2 , no less than 148 m2 of this is covered in soil, i.e. nearly 40%. The 150 m2 allotment is thereby divided up so that each resident has their own plot, in which they can plan and plant a vegetable patch.
▽屋顶功能 Diagram
与未来居民共同设计的 "按需定制"住宅
Edison Lite首先是一栋 "量身定做 "的住宅，也就是说，它是与未来的居民共同设计的。居民是从大量的申请中挑选出来的，由HABX平台组织和管理。选定住户后，我们首先与他们合作，指导他们选择单位在建筑内的位置，然后指导他们进行室内装修。这些居民的家庭情况各不相同：我们注意到每一层楼的不同家庭都有共同点，但也有互补性：我们寻求真正的炼金术，一步步创造一个坚实的居民社区。
‘MADE-TO-MEASURE’ HOUSING CO-DESIGNED WITH THE FUTURE RESIDENTS
Edison Lite is first and foremost a building of ‘made-tomeasure’ housing, that is to say co-designed with its future residents. Residents were selected from a great number of applications, organised and managed by the HABX platform. Once the residents had been selected, we worked with them initially to orientate them in choosing the position of their unit within the building, and then to guide them in the interior fit-out of their apartment. The residents present a range of family situations, all different: we took care that on each floor the various families would have things in common but also complementarities: a real alchemy was sought to create, step by step, a solid community of residents.
▽空间上的合作交流 Co-Design
在合适的地方使用合适的材料
本项目的结构原理是基于材料的组合，混凝土、木材、金属。在外立面，木材是最主要的材料（53%）。建筑物围绕着混凝土核心（楼梯间、电梯笼和平台）和一系列混凝土柱子的外立面进行组织，使楼板免受任何中间结构元素的影响。在外立面柱子之间（每隔1.2米）采用木质框架或混凝土面板来承受荷载。
THE RIGHT MATERIALS IN THE RIGHT PLACE
The structural principle of the project is based on a combination of materials, concrete, timber, metal. In the facade, timber is the predominant material (53%). The building is organised around a concrete core (stairwell, lift cage and landings) and a series of concrete posts on the facade, freeing the floor plates from any intermediary structural elements. Between the facade posts (at every 1.2 m) the spandrel panels are timber framed and alternatively in concrete to take the loads.
“养生”的生活方式
项目试图发明一种新的密度：一种混合了自然和人类的密度，在居民入住之前，自然就已经建立起来了。它的预先存在带来了一种尊重，使其成为现有生态系统中的居民，居民必须谦卑地在其中占有一席之地。在巴黎市内的微小范围内，该项目旨在建立一种 "养生"的生活方式：居民将自己生产一些食物，学习观察食物生长的乐趣，无论是在分配地还是种植园。这是一种手段，让他们熟悉某种复原力，鼓励他们参与集体努力，我们必须减少供应链，并尽可能在家附近实现可食用的养生景观。
A ‘PERMACULTURAL’ WAY OF LIFE
The Edison Lite project attempts to invent a new kind of density: a density mixing nature and Man, where nature is established before the residents move in. Its preexistence imposes a respect, establishing it as a resident of an existing ecosystem, within which residents must take their place with humility. On its minute scale within the City of Paris, the project aims for a kind of ‘permacultural’ way of life: residents will produce some of their own food, learning the pleasure of watching food grow, whether in the allotments or the planters. A means of familiarising them with a certain resilience, of encouraging them to participate in the collective effort that we must all undertake to reduce supply chains and move towards a landscape of edible permaculture as close as possible to home.
▽平面图 Plan
PROJECT: EDISON LITE
Design firm: MANUELLE GAUTRAND ARCHITECTURE
LOCATION: 71 avenue Edison, 75013 Paris.
PROGRAMME: Apartment building containing 21 units: 13 units for the open market, 6 controlled rental units, 2 social housing rental units, with a crèche and a retail unit on the ground floor.
MAIN OBJECTIVES: - 20 % of the living areas are ‘shared living spaces’, - Creation of a green vertical landscape made of 290 big planted flowerpots, - ‘Custom-made’ housings,
CLIENT: SCCP EDISON LITE (Loftissime + NFU / HABX)
MANUELLE GAUTRAND ARCHITECTURE: Architects
BUREAU BAS SMETS : Landscaper
S2T: M&E and Structural Engineers
VPEAS: Quantity Surveyor
MAIN CONTRACTORS:
GTM BÂTIMENT: General contractor + HVAC - plumbing + electricity + cladding + external joinery
KETANCHE (sub-contracted): Roof - waterproofing
TRACER (sub-contracted): Planters
YSOFA (sub-contracted): Curtain wall + frame
SURFACE AREAS: Total floor area: 2,067 m2 , of which 1,539 m2 housing and 528 .0m² commercial.385 m2 of Shared and programmed areas: Urban farming: 150 m2 , workshop : 69 m2 , solarium and outdoor common kitchen : 78 m2 , multi-purpose room : 47 m2 bicycle storage : 41 m2 .
CONSTRUCTION COST: 4 300 000 € HT
DATES: Competition: 2015
Design phase: 2016-2017
Construction phase: 2018-2019
Completion: 2020
Photos: ©Luc Boegly
Drawings, text, and plans: © Manuelle Gautrand Architecture
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